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Basement valuation vs. above grade GLA.

RioGypsy

Freshman Member
Joined
Feb 26, 2019
Professional Status
Certified Residential Appraiser
State
Wyoming
I am getting a revision request (from an out of the area lender) saying that, "Both comps 1 and 2 have finished walk-out basements which present as 2 story home appeal vs. subject as a ranch with underground unfinished basement." Subject does have an unfinished basement. Comps 1 & 2 do have finished basements with exterior entrances that are considerably smaller in area. I adjusted for basement area, basement finish and additional egress for the exterior entrance in the original report. Basement area & finish adjustment for comps 1 & 2 were 45% of the above grade GLA adjustment which is consistent with market norms that are between 40-60% of the GLA per s.f. adjustment. Additional, superior egress was adjusted on a separate line in the grid. Comp 3 is a similar ranch style home with a partially finished basement. Comp 4 is a ranch style home without a basement that was included to bracket site value and actual age. Comp 5 is an REO that is a ranch style home with a fully finished basement that was included to bracket basement area, but given minimal consideration as an REO sale and a couple of other factors. The comps support the value with the exception of Comparable 3. Comparable 3 is within a 10% tolerance of the subject sales price. My net and gross adjustments are within the old guidelines on all but Comp 5. I feel like my value is well supported.

In my first response to the revision request, I stated that it was not typical in the market to consider walk-out basements as equivalent to above grade GLA such as a 2 story house. A basement is simply not worth the same as the above grade square footage in this market, regardless of egress. Thus why I put egress on a different line of the grid. I am not sure how to respond to this. Any thoughts on how to respond? Any advise on what math I can use to further support the assertion that the basements of comparables 1 & 2 should not be valued the same as a 2nd story?

One other thing....this is a small, rural community with limited comps. Every property is unique. No cookie cutter, plain vanilla. The possible comparables vary wildly in other attributes like GLA, site value, quality, condition and additional features (barns, guest houses, shops, etc.) and thus have a wide range of sales prices ($255,000-1,250,000) So I have to use one comp to bracket site size and basement finish. Another for proximity and date of sale. Another to bracket GLA. It's a cobbled-together report, but credible and supported.
 
I am getting a revision request (from an out of the area lender) saying that, "Both comps 1 and 2 have finished walk-out basements which present as 2 story home appeal vs. subject as a ranch with underground unfinished basement." Subject does have an unfinished basement. Comps 1 & 2 do have finished basements with exterior entrances that are considerably smaller in area. I adjusted for basement area, basement finish and additional egress for the exterior entrance in the original report. Basement area & finish adjustment for comps 1 & 2 were 45% of the above grade GLA adjustment which is consistent with market norms that are between 40-60% of the GLA per s.f. adjustment. Additional, superior egress was adjusted on a separate line in the grid. Comp 3 is a similar ranch style home with a partially finished basement. Comp 4 is a ranch style home without a basement that was included to bracket site value and actual age. Comp 5 is an REO that is a ranch style home with a fully finished basement that was included to bracket basement area, but given minimal consideration as an REO sale and a couple of other factors. The comps support the value with the exception of Comparable 3. Comparable 3 is within a 10% tolerance of the subject sales price. My net and gross adjustments are within the old guidelines on all but Comp 5. I feel like my value is well supported.

In my first response to the revision request, I stated that it was not typical in the market to consider walk-out basements as equivalent to above grade GLA such as a 2 story house. A basement is simply not worth the same as the above grade square footage in this market, regardless of egress. Thus why I put egress on a different line of the grid. I am not sure how to respond to this. Any thoughts on how to respond? Any advise on what math I can use to further support the assertion that the basements of comparables 1 & 2 should not be valued the same as a 2nd story?

One other thing....this is a small, rural community with limited comps. Every property is unique. No cookie cutter, plain vanilla. The possible comparables vary wildly in other attributes like GLA, site value, quality, condition and additional features (barns, guest houses, shops, etc.) and thus have a wide range of sales prices ($255,000-1,250,000) So I have to use one comp to bracket site size and basement finish. Another for proximity and date of sale. Another to bracket GLA. It's a cobbled-together report, but credible and supported.
Hopefully this isn't for FNMA as you certify that there are comps available for a reliable SCA.
 
The first thing I would do is ask for a copy of the appraisal license and qualifications of the individual who is developing appraisal conclusions to ensure that they are qualified to opine as to what the market reactions are in your subject market area. I would also ask for the GSE or VA or FHA definition of "presents as two story home appeal" and the pertinent regulations and the requirements where that type of space overrides the established practice demanded by those entities to treated any area even partially below grade differently than GLA. I would add that you have addressed the issue in your original report and in your response, and that they have no authority to dictate to you what your conclusions are, or what adjustments you apply.
 
Hopefully this isn't for FNMA as you certify that there are comps available for a reliable SCA.
Wow! That is a gigantic leap without any basis whatsoever! Ever done a rural appraisal? The OPs description covers huge swaths of the country. Do you think 97% of the country foregoes mortgages because appraisals can't be completed outside cookie cutter neighborhoods?
 
Based on what you are saying with net and gross adjustments within old guidelines and properties being unique, your adjustments are probably too small.
 
I have 34 comparables sales in the market area and the comp search was narrowed by site size. Which for this small market is as good as we are going to get right now. It's reliable for a sales comparison in my opinion. But I just have to use a number of comparables to get everything bracketed. Yes for FNMA.
 
Based on what you are saying with net and gross adjustments within old guidelines and properties being unique, your adjustments are probably too small.
I could agree with that. But because of the small size of the basements of comparables 1 & 2 even going to the higher end of the range would not make a difference and would still support value. For comparable 1 right now there is an $8000 negative net adjustment for the basement and for Comp 2 there's a $2,200 negative adjustment. I can increase the amount of the per SF adjustment, but when the basement for comp 2 is only 529 sf it really doesn't make much difference to value. Even if I do increase the basement adjustments it still supports value. Should I just increase the adjustments to the upper end of my range and submit it to show that?

My opinion......some out of state UW that doesn't understand rural appraisals has an OPINION that walk-outs should be considered the same as above grade GLA, but has no market experience in my market where that is not the case. Rant over.....
 
I don't know about Wyoming but around here the cost to finish a basement at the low end is $35-$50 per SF. $2,200 adjustment for 529 SF finished is $4 per SF for comp 2. That means comp two probably has 2,000 SF finished basement since the adjustment is $8000. And if these adjustments 40-50% of the adjustment for above grade living area then that means the above grade area is being adjusted at like $10 per SF.

Unless the house is close to being a tear down and the value is the land, these adjustments are probably way too small.
 
My area does not have basements - but I have responded to pressure/incompetent "revision" request with the following ( adopt or change it as needed)

"Applying or using the comps or adjustments that the reviewer suggests would result in a misleading report. "

In addition, the client is not supposed to instruct the appraiser - if you need to go there -
 
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