So, cost-plus is a business model that works in larger scale operations.
Cost-plus is more prevalent than one may think.
Maybe. Maybe not.
http://valuationmanagementgroup.com/fee-transparency-appraiser-and-AMC-fees/
When it comes to fees and the issue of transparency, all AMC operating models are not equal. While there are variations, AMC’s generally operate under one of two business models –
Fluctuating and
Cost-Plus.
For purposes of this blog, we will be referring to non-complex residential assignments.
Transparency signifies openness, communication, and accountability. This is something that is easy to notice or understand. Transparency is operating in a way where others can see what actions are being performed.
The
Fluctuating Fee Model – Under this model, the AMC quotes a flat fee to the client (the quoted fee). The goal under this model is for the AMC to find as many appraisers as possible to agree to conduct appraisals at a fee that will enable the AMC to retain the highest possible fee which is the difference between the appraiser’s fee and the quoted fee. As such, the AMC’s fee fluctuates and at the end of the day, AMC’s operating under this model expects their net fee income to allow them to remain a viable business entity.
There are reputational and operational risks associated with the fluctuating fee model. This model may involve robo-bidding in search of the lowest appraiser fee. Robo-bidding is described as the practice of email blasts to all appraisers within a geographic area defined by the AMC requesting the appraiser’s best fee, or requesting that appraisers accept the assignment at the AMC’s target fee, and the first to accept is awarded the assignment. This practice may or may not take into consideration the geographical competencies of the appraisers receiving the bid opportunity. Quality and performance issues can be significant when AMC’s troll for the lowest bidder. Banks, credit unions and other lending institutions may also discover that their preapproved panel of appraisers is not being utilized. This model is driven by finding the lowest cost appraisal in order to increase the fee the AMC will retain. Often it is not apparent to the lender how much compensation the appraiser is receiving, and therein lies the issue of transparency.
The
Cost-Plus Model – This particular model sets the fee that an AMC earns per order at a predetermined and agreed upon fee. The client establishes a standard customary and reasonable appraiser fee for the markets in which they operate and the predetermined AMC fee is added to the appraiser’s fee to arrive at the total appraisal fee. The fee does not vary and has no bearing on the fee that is paid to the appraiser.
Under a cost-plus model, it is not necessary to send typical residential orders out for bid. This model does not reward the AMC for selecting the cheapest appraisal fee. The cost plus model encourages the AMC to select the most qualified appraiser, not the cheapest.