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Short sale comparables?

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Simply put...a short sale is when the property sells for less than what is owed. How the lender chooses to handle it is really of little concern to me. The property is still titled to the owner (borrower) who offers to sell and a buyer offers to buy at a specific price which is a market transaction. What the lender agrees to accept as a "pay-off" is atypical. The fact the lender might go after other assets or consider the forgiven debt as income to the borrower is also atypical but should not be a consideration for the appraiser.

Lenders are willing to "cut their loses" in order to prevent a foreclosure and the associated costs. In my opinion, the lender was initially to blame because of lax lending practices. Over valued properties, no doc loans, interest only loans, and adjustable rate mortages...just to name a few.

The solution could be as simple as letting the market sort it out or as complicated as getting the government involved in a bail-out. My fix would be requiring the borrower to have an equity position when purchasing a home. No more 100 percent or more loans. No more adjustable rate mortgages. Honest valuations from knowledgeable and experienced appraisers. Much can be said about appraisers who have experience as real estate agents. Who better understands "the market"?
 
That all can be true Mike, but the question is, when a short sale is dependent on third party acceptance (which the ones advertised in the MLS typically are), and knowing that acceptance can take awhile and be rejected - which happens often, is it possible that they would sell below what the same house would sell for if it wasn't in a bank approval short sale?

If the answer is yes - which I know for a fact it is - then it is of concern.
 
Any offer can be rejected by seller and in the case of a short sale...the lender. Point in fact...it is what is occuring and all parties to the transaction need to deal with it.
 
I don't know your market well enough, nor do I have the MLS and access to the agents to find out about differences in quality. But in my market I can account for that difference and then some by a decline in the market first and foremost. I have my MLS data below, note the drop from December 2007 to February of 2008. I believe it is over 11%.
Well, if you make your mind to get whatever you are theorizing in your mind and you search enough, go to long distance, jump from one neighborhood to another just to prove your theory or your mindset, you eventually can force some sales or listings to show what you are looking for.

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I mean by short sale what is common venacular among agents who advertise short sales. For me, when I think short sale, it is a sale that requires lender approval. .
I think you know one side of short sale which is the willingness of lender to let the homeowner sell the home for its market value which is usually less than the mortgage amount on that property but you don’t know why the lender is willing to let the owner to sell it at less than mortgage amount. You are a firm believer of buyer’s psychology but you ignore the lenders psychology. Lenders are willing to let owners to sell those homes at their market value, which are less than their outstanding mortgage amounts because it is in their best interest. They want to prevent more loss and liquidate the property as soon as possible. Both lenders and homeowner are anxious to sell a home with default mortgage quickly otherwise; the lender would let the home be foreclosed
Like I asked before, If you have the opportunity to buy the subject at $800,000 or buy a short sale that needs lender approval that is otherwise identical for the same amount, which would you buy? I think any prudent buyer, given all other things are equal, will pick the market sale because there is no waiting for bank approval. How much is that wait worth? I don't know. It might be nothing, it might be a lot. I go to the market to at least make my best effort to find out
No, this is what you said before on post #4. Go take a look at it
But I am in an area with a lot of REOs and bank influenced sales. If a bank sells a house with regular marketing time for $135,000, it is because the buyers for it refused to pay anymore, even when non-bank influenced sales are selling for $150,000.
You said that a typical buyer will pay 10% more for identical model match home because it is not REO or short sale. This is what I am struggling to agree and I think you are theorizing this idea with no common sense base. You use buyer’s psychology and emotional attachment but when I ask you buyer’s emotion to what, you don’t have any convincing idea. I am not saying you are wrong but I am saying you are theorizing and you need to bring some data besides the emotional attachment theory. I would like to get the forum consensus about your theory that a typical buyer will pay 10% more for identical home merely because it is non short sale. In my subject subdivision, the 10% more for an identical home would be $80,000. Will a typical pay $80,000 more for not wanting to wait may be one more moth?



Kind of right. Any distance as long as you are staying in the competitive market. If you don't have anything and you cannot support an adjustment, or determine a market reaction, that does not preclude you from noting your efforts to find one. If you market is like mine in that it dropped like a stone from December to February, say that same 11%, you might have enough to support a 3% adjustment for the stigma of ownership (considering your drop in that unit was only 8%). It isn't easy to figure out, and I am not trying to make it sound like it is. But you at least have to make effort and if you find adjustments are not measurable due to the variables at this time, then state so in the report.
As I mentioned, I have one regular sale in February and one REO sale in December in the project. The regular sale in February sold 8% lower than the REO sale in December and this is a truth and I can email you the docs. This is just opposite of your theory that said regular sales should sell 10% higher than short sale when everything else is equal.



What does Greg's tagline say..."Sometimes I hate appraising". Ditto.
I am sure you know that appraisal is part science and part art. When you get to the art part of the appraisal and you start to theorizing and brainstorming, you may get out of reality and common sense.

You do have to try for the most competitive project. Typically there is something that you find that brings it all together. If you uncover depreciation rates in your market by more than 8% you may have already found a piece to the puzzle. But in the those rare instances where there is nothing, deciding to make no adjustment is still a choice, and because the bank influence can have an effect on value, you should state why you did not make an adjustment. Just like if you have an amenity like a shed or fence that doesn't have a measurable value, you should at least comment on it in the report
As I said earlier, if you try hard and jump from one subdivision to another and from one neighborhood to another, eventually you will find something that shows what you have theorized and made your mind about it.

May be we should get a poll on your theory.
Will a typical buyer pay 10% more for an identical home because it is not a short sale?
I still don't know what is the basis of your theory that says a typical buyer will pay 10% more for a non-short sale or non-REO sale when everything elese is qual. Will the buyer pay 10% more becaue he/she doesn't want to wait maybe a month longer to get the property closed or because of the emotional attachment to the seller or both? Needless to say that you have already made a name for it, "STIGMA ATTACK".
I really love to get a consensus from the forum members on this because it is important to know, as it is a new phenomena happening in the market
 
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I personally would not go outside of my neighborhood looking to find a Psychological adjustment. I agree that the purchase of a home CAN be more emotional than logical but to say a buyer attaches feelings from the seller that influence the purchase is a little outside my area of expertise. If through my research I determine Short Sales and REOs are driving the market, than that is where my subject is going to have to compete. I have a hard enough time measuring contributory value of a pool without getting into the contibutory value of the seller's emotions. If there is a time concern on the part of the buyer than that is just a fact of that particular transaction and not to be confused with the arena the subject will be competing in. IMO

:peace:
 
I can only speak to my experiences and my market. I do not believe REO sales in my market have the attached stigma as suggested by Mr. Klos. While true that REO properties typically sell for less non-REO properties there is no overwhelming evidence in my mind that this is because of stigma attached by the buyer. REO properties sell for less for a variety of reasons to include condition and seller motivation. Most important in my mind is seller motivation. Banks price properties aggressively, reduce prices dramatically, and market these homes atypically through folks like Billy No Name Agent. These homes often show poorly and the banks have no emotional investment in the property. All these factors and most likely many more come into to play when REO property is sold. I can't simply attribute the entire difference in value to stigma.

A question I've always wanted to ask those advancing the stigma argument was if you appraise an REO home and reduce the market value of the home for stigma is this stigma lifted immediately upon transfer to a non-REO entity? I've met plenty of homeowners that think their property values increased 10 percent after they took possession. They are alway disappointed to find out my opinion.

Short sales are another matter entirely. Some agents and buyers in my market avoid these listings because of the PITA factor (third party approval). I would imagine a corresponding reduction in market appeal and value is possible although I have not yet attempted to measure such a reduction. I would think a more likely result would be extended marketing time but I don't have the data one way or another.
 
Real Estate agents who avoid working with short sales are missing an important segment of the market. I have heard from numerous agents who say this is the market at this time. Adjust or bust!
 
Moh, please take the time to read what I say and do not read into it as I see you are prone to do.

Well, if you make your mind to get whatever you are theorizing in your mind and you search enough, go to long distance, jump from one neighborhood to another just to prove your theory or your mindset, you eventually can force some sales or listings to show what you are looking for.

Absolutely not. It is a fact pure and simple that from December to February in my market there was no less than an 11% decline in the MLS statistics (which I showed the data for). Values have been declining. Perhaps values only declined 8% in your area and there is no market reaction to a bank influenced short sale. I wouldn't know until I read your market data thoroughly.

I think you know one side of short sale which is the willingness of lender to let the homeowner sell the home for its market value which is usually less than the mortgage amount on that property but you don’t know why the lender is willing to let the owner to sell it at less than mortgage amount. You are a firm believer of buyer’s psychology but you ignore the lenders psychology. Lenders are willing to let owners to sell those homes at their market value, which are less than their outstanding mortgage amounts because it is in their best interest. They want to prevent more loss and liquidate the property as soon as possible. Both lenders and homeowner are anxious to sell a home with default mortgage quickly otherwise; the lender would let the home be foreclosed

No I am quite aware of the dynamics of a short sale on both sides.

No, this is what you said before on post #4. Go take a look at it You said that a typical buyer will pay 10% more for identical model match home because it is not REO or short sale. This is what I am struggling to agree and I think you are theorizing this idea with no common sense base. You use buyer’s psychology and emotional attachment but when I ask you buyer’s emotion to what, you don’t have any convincing idea. I am not saying you are wrong but I am saying you are theorizing and you need to bring some data besides the emotional attachment theory. I would like to get the forum consensus about your theory that a typical buyer will pay 10% more for identical home merely because it is non short sale. In my subject subdivision, the 10% more for an identical home would be $80,000. Will a typical pay $80,000 more for not wanting to wait may be one more moth?

And where did I say "10%". You may have inferred 10% from my numbers, i.e., $150,000 to $135,000, but I never said 10%. In fact, I have never found a percentage-based short sale adjustment. It is usually lump sum. So you easily could have said $815,000 but it benefited your rhetoric to jump on the 10%. You read into that. I have said and will continue to say because it is what I have seen, the adjustment could be $0, $5,000, $10,000, $15,000, and much higher. It all depends on what is extracted.


As I mentioned, I have one regular sale in February and one REO sale in December in the project. The regular sale in February sold 8% lower than the REO sale in December and this is a truth and I can email you the docs. This is just opposite of your theory that said regular sales should sell 10% higher than short sale when everything else is equal.

Don't need the documents, I believe you and NEVER suggested I didn't. What I said was we had an 11% drop in values in my market (and I substantiated that drop with the MLS data sheet yet somehow you said I was forcing it) from Decemember to February and so if those figures were in my market, it still might support an adjustment for the stigma. It does nothing to my "theory". The fact is the adjustment could be $0, "my" theory account for that. I would never insist that there was always an adjustment to be made.


I am sure you know that appraisal is part science and part art. When you get to the art part of the appraisal and you start to theorizing and brainstorming, you may get out of reality and common sense.

I am sure you know that we look for differences between the subject and the comps and make adjustments based on market reaction to those differences. This is not "theorizing" or "brainstorming" but Appraising 101. There is a difference between a house that sells direct from owner to seller, and one that must have direct bank involvement for contract acceptance, typically amounting in more time spent waiting with the possibility of refusal. That difference may or may not be measurable - just like a deck or a fence or backing to a golf course over a pond may not be a measurable factor - but it does not preclude you from looking for a reaction and supporting an adjustment, or lack of one.

As I said earlier, if you try hard and jump from one subdivision to another and from one neighborhood to another, eventually you will find something that shows what you have theorized and made your mind about it.

I don't have to jump from one subdivision to the next most times. I have seen it in neighborhood after neighborhood over and over again that I know there is almost always some type of a reaction for it. Here is real life examples right in my own subdivision (chosen because I know it and the houses here without making calls). My project is brand new and the houses are all very similar in condiiton and quality, except that it is split in two, a tract house side and a luxury house side. I have pulled the most recent sales activity and recent short sales available, a group from each side of the project, to demonstrate.

Tract house: ML#T2271788 bank approval short sale, a 1600sf 3/2, sold in 241 days for $155,000 (after concessions as all prices here are) on 05/12/2008. ML#T2261495, non-bank influenced sale, 1600sf 3/2 sold 02/29/2008 for $185,000 in 218 days. No difference in any amenity, condition or quality. To show time was not the issue: ML#T2300859 a non-bank influenced 1900sf 4/2 sale, equal in quality and condition, closed 05/30/2008 for $193,000 in 47 days.

Luxury house side: Bank influenced short sale listed at $299,900 and sold in 276 days for $265,500 is a 2700sf 4/3 with 3 car garage. Nearly Identical 2700sf 4/3 that was not a short sale sold 03/28/2008 for $350,000 in 158 days. To show this is not a time issue: ML # T2296144 is set to close this month at around $365,000, it is a 2900sf 4/3 with 3 car garage and sold in 121 days.

These are all from the same development and they were the first development I looked at for the data. Short sales requiring bank approval show a consistently lower sale price, longer time on market, and they are in similar condition and of similar quality and from the same project. I see this over and over from neighborhood to neighborhood.

May be we should get a poll on your theory.
Will a typical buyer pay 10% more for an identical home because it is not a short sale?
I still don't know what is the basis of your theory that says a typical buyer will pay 10% more for a non-short sale or non-REO sale when everything elese is qual. Will the buyer pay 10% more becaue he/she doesn't want to wait maybe a month longer to get the property closed or because of the emotional attachment to the seller or both? Needless to say that you have already made a name for it, "STIGMA ATTACK".

First, the questions would be, "Do you consider a privately owned, upside down sale, that requires one or more banks to approve the transaction, potentially adding a month or longer to the time required for a contract to be accepted, to be different from a sale where the private seller has immediate and direct capability to accept or reject an offer within hours? If so, and if you had to either appraise one of these upside down properties or consider them for use in a report, Do you believe looking for market reaction for the situation is appropriate?

I really love to get a consensus from the forum members on this because it is important to know, as it is a new phenomena happening in the market

I think, Moh, that says it all. For you it is a new phenomenon, for me it has been going on for between 2 and 3 years and I see them in every report I do.
 
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I personally would not go outside of my neighborhood looking to find a Psychological adjustment. I agree that the purchase of a home CAN be more emotional than logical but to say a buyer attaches feelings from the seller that influence the purchase is a little outside my area of expertise. If through my research I determine Short Sales and REOs are driving the market, than that is where my subject is going to have to compete. I have a hard enough time measuring contributory value of a pool without getting into the contibutory value of the seller's emotions.


Hmmm. An extreme example or two (or three) of a psychological influence is perhaps in order then? I did an appraisal on a house where a guy hung himself in the garage. Nothing wrong with the house, it was perfect and up to date but it couldn't sell anywhere near market value. I also looked at a sale for use in a report that had a murder suicide on the front yard (I am in Florida, a lot of weird stuff happens regularly). I didn't know it. It was the most recent sale in the neighborhood but was really, really, really low. I had to find out why. No blood stains, the condition was "perfect", the dead didn't even have a relative save a sister who shared the house and was the eventual seller after staying in it for a year. Still the house could not sell near market value. Finally, in another section, there was a builder who killed his girlfriend and buried her body at one of his three houses but they didn't know which one. One, where the lawn was dug up and the remains not found (they were found under the slab of a different one), was in excellent condition, fully updated, and the yard was put back in place where you would never know it was dug up. Still, it cannot sell near market value.

These situations have nothing to do with a physical attribute of the property. In fact they are a psychological stigma in the heads of at least some of the buyers where demand for them is reduced and the value, as a result, drops. When demand on bank-influenced properties drop with non-investor buyers and increases with investor buyers, the same thing happens. Are you going to ignore the influence of a murder and not look outside the area for other murder houses because it is hard enough to appraise the house to begin with?

You don't have to get into the emotions of the buyer. You just have to read the market reaction for any difference. Just like a murder happening in a house makes that house different from one where it did not, a direct bank involvement makes a house different than a sale where a bank is not directly involved. Only the murder is purely psychological while the short sale is actually a problem with the property rights to the house. The rights are encumbered by an upside-down mortgage. It is actually part of the bundle of rights being considered.

If there is a time concern on the part of the buyer than that is just a fact of that particular transaction and not to be confused with the arena the subject will be competing in. IMO

The time concern is due to the seller/property, not the buyer. The house is encumbered by a mortgage that the seller cannot get out of without bank approval that takes time. If you have 20 hot buyers looking in an area and 40 houses for sale, three of them short sales that require bank approval, those short sales are going to stand out with price in order to get the buyer's attention.
 
I can only speak to my experiences and my market. I do not believe REO sales in my market have the attached stigma as suggested by Mr. Klos. While true that REO properties typically sell for less non-REO properties there is no overwhelming evidence in my mind that this is because of stigma attached by the buyer. REO properties sell for less for a variety of reasons to include condition and seller motivation. Most important in my mind is seller motivation. Banks price properties aggressively, reduce prices dramatically, and market these homes atypically through folks like Billy No Name Agent. These homes often show poorly and the banks have no emotional investment in the property. All these factors and most likely many more come into to play when REO property is sold. I can't simply attribute the entire difference in value to stigma.

No, but you just attributed 90% of it to it being bank owned. A stigma is an externality that negatively impacts the value of a property where a property sells to a knowledgeable buyer at an impaired price. The bank ownership is not part of the property, per se, it is external to it.

A question I've always wanted to ask those advancing the stigma argument was if you appraise an REO home and reduce the market value of the home for stigma is this stigma lifted immediately upon transfer to a non-REO entity? I've met plenty of homeowners that think their property values increased 10 percent after they took possession. They are alway disappointed to find out my opinion.

I had a bank owned foreclosure that was listed for $189,900 for 4 months, dropped to $179,900 and stayed there for 2 months, reduced to $169,900 for a month, to $159,900 for another month and to $154,900 when it got an offer after 8 days which the bank gladly accepted at $135,000. The buyer went to two banks and two appraisers came out, me and someone else. The house had been appraised earlier for pricing purposes for $185,000 where the agents and the appraiser did not consider the stigma of ownership. The market had dropped somewhat and if you were to appraise the house at the time of sale (when I did it) without the stigma it would come in at about $170,000. That is exactly what the first appraiser came in at. I found it was worth $150,000. There was an identifiable reaction of $20,000 in the market to bank ownership. In my opinion, had the bank known this up front, when prices were a little higher, they likely could have gotten $165,000 at the start of the listing had they offered it for $169,900. They were given bad advise. The first appraiser, who came in at $170,000 would like you say the value did not go up, but that is because she overappraised it the first time. I'd say that yes it did increase, to $170,000. How the heck could the house have been worth $170,000 when bank owned? The bank couldn't sell anywhere near that high when listed around that price! (And for the record, the bank had a good agent and MLS exposure, and the house was in decent condition for the market.)

Short sales are another matter entirely. Some agents and buyers in my market avoid these listings because of the PITA factor (third party approval). I would imagine a corresponding reduction in market appeal and value is possible although I have not yet attempted to measure such a reduction. I would think a more likely result would be extended marketing time but I don't have the data one way or another.

I remember when in my markets the agents had the luxury to to decline showing REOs or listing short sales. Not anymore. In fact, those same REO agents who were no-name REALTORS a couple of years back, are the most successful, prolific agents in my market right now.
 
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